- CCD Sensors
- CMOS Sensors
- Consultants & educational Course holders
- Infrared
- Interfaces
- Literature
- Prof. Cameras
- WebCams
- Digital Camera related pages and Imaging Blogs
- My favorite links
AIM INFRAROT-MODULE GmbH
http://www.aim-ir.de/ HgCdTe (MCT), QWIP IR Detectors with a spectral range from 1 µm to 15 µm.
AIM INFRAROT-MODULE GmbH
Theresienstraße 2
D-74072 Heilbronn
Tel.: +49-7131-6212-0
Fax: +49-7131-6212-939
eMail: info_bei_aim-ir.de
Die AIM INFRAROT-MODULE GmbH entwickelt und fertigt Infrarot-Detektoren und –Module für Thermografiesysteme. Das Hightech-Unternehmen ist weltweit als ein Marktführer mit langjähriger Erfahrung in internationalen Programmen in der Infrarot-Technologie angesehen. AIM ist Hersteller von Serienprodukten und kundenspezifischen Infrarot-Modulen und Kameras und vereinigt alle Kernkompetenzen unter einem Dach.
AIM INFRAROT-MODULE GmbH develops and manufactures infrared detectors and modules for thermal imaging systems. The high-tech company AIM is considered as a leader in infrared technology world-wide with many years of experience in international programmes. By combining all required core capabilities under one roof, AIM is a merchant supplier for standard and customer-specific infrared modules and cameras.
Alcatel Thales III-V Lab France
QWIP Focal Plane Arrays (384 x 288 pixels & 640 x 512 pixels)
- MWIR (3-5 µm)
- LWIR (8-12 µm)
- VLWIR (12-20 µm)
- Bispectral (MW/LW & LW/LW)
Polarimetric
- SWIR Detection Modules (320 x 256 pixels & 640 x 512 pixels)
- Visible extension (0.4 - 1.7 µm)
ANDANTA GmbH Detektortechnologie Germany
ANDANTA GmbH
Detektortechnologie
Christian Lochmann
Stifterstraße 5R
82140 Olching
Deutschland
Tel: +49 8142 487658
Mobil: +49 171 1200051
Fax: +49 8142 487659
InGaAs-Bildsensoren für das Nahe Infrarot
Indium-Gallium-Arsenid (InGaAs)-Matrixdetektoren
Auflösung 640 x 512 Bildpunkte,
25 µm Bildpunktgröße,
Datenrate 10 MHz,
hermetisches Kovar-Metallgehäuse,
1-stufiger thermoelektrischer Kühler,
Spektralbereich 0,9 µm…1,7 µm
Auflösung 320x256 Bildpunkte,
30µm Bildpunktgröße,
Datenrate 10 MHz,
CLCC-Gehäuse ohne Kühlung,
kommerzielle Güteklasse (Grade);
Spektralbereich 0,9 µm…1,7 µm
Auflösung 512x1 Bildpunkte,
25µm Bildpunktbreite,
25 oder 500µm Bildpunkthöhe,
Datenrate 5 MHz,
hermetisches 28pin DIL-Gehäuse
mit thermoelektrischer Kühlung,
spektroskopische Güteklasse (Grade);
Spektralbereich 0,9 µm…1,7 µm
Si-CCD-Sensoren – höchstauflösend
Silizium-Bildsensoren für den ultravioletten bis nahen Infrarotbereich;
Auflösung von 2kx2k bis 10kx10k Bildpunkte,
Frontseitenbelichtet (FI) oder Rückseitenbelichtet (BI),
bis zu 36 rauscharme Ausgänge bei 20 (30) MHz Datenrate
Si -Time Delay & Integration (TDI)- Sensoren
Kundenspezifische Silizium-TDI-Bildsensoren (momentan keine Standards): Synchronisation des Auslesevorgangs mit der Objektbewegung
Auflösung z.B. 0,7k, 1k, 2k, Einzelbauelemente oder anreihbare Versionen
Variable TDI-Stufen von 8….192 Stufen
Spektralbereich 300nn…1000nm, Monochrom + Multispektral
DIAS Infrared GmbH
Wärmebildkameras
Ungekühlte stationäre und portable Infrarotkameras PYROVIEW und MIDAS zur berührungslosen Temperaturmessung
Infrarotsensoren
Pyroelektrische Ein- und Mehrkanalsensoren, lineare Arrays und Sensormodule
Linienkameras
Ungekühlte stationäre Infrarot-Linienkameras PYROLINE zur berührungslosen Messung von Temperaturverteilungen
Pyrometer und Kalibrierung
Pyrometerserien PYROSPOT, Schwarze Strahler PYROTHERM, Kalibrierservice und Beratung
DRS Infrared Technologies USA
ebs Automatisierte Thermographie und Systemtechnik GmbH Germany
Mobile NEC Wärmebildkameras
- Thermo Shot F30 S/W 160x120 Bildpunkte
- Thermo Tracer TH7716 160x120 Bildpunkte
- Thermo Tracer TH7700 320x240 Bildpunkte
- Thermo Tracer TH7800 320x240 Bildpunkte
- Handy Thermo TVS-200 EX
- Thermo Tracer TH9100 MR/WR
- Advanced Thermo TVS-500 EXZ
- Infrared Thermography H2640 640x480 Bildpunkte
- Super Fine Thermo TVS-8500
- Thermo Tracer TH9100 WB/WBG
stationäre NEC Wärmebildkameras:
Thermo Tracer TS9230/TS9260
FLIR Systems USA
Forza Silicon Corporation USA
Custom IC Design and Production
CMOS ROIC and CTIA amplifiers for IR detectors
CMOS Image Sensor Applications
32-Megapixel Sensor for Studio Camera
2.1-Megapixel Sensor for Cellular Phone
California Institute of Technology, near our office, has licensed over 80 patents to Forza. We are able to sublicense these to our clients, covering fundamental technology.
Infrared Vision Technology Corporation (ITC) USA
InfraredVision Technology Corporation (ITC)
InfraredVision Technology Corporation (ITC) is a global supplier of cost effective high performance VOx microbolometer detectors. In-house capabilities support a wide range of customer specific solutions from ROIC design through delivery and support of VOx Infrared detectors. ITC has developed the leanest VOx microbolometer production facility in the world consisting of an impressive clean-room wafer fab, packaging lab, and wafer/detector test facility. ITC’s customer focus assures IR camera manufacturers and system integrators that they will receive quality products with on-time delivery.
IRCAM GmbH Germany
IRCAM GEMINIS: Dual-Band IR-Kameras - Dual-Band und Dual-Color IR-Kameras für die pixelgenaue Aufnahme in zwei Spektralbereichen
IRCAM VELOX: High-Speed IR-Kameras mit herausragenden Pixel- und Daten-Raten
IRCAM EQUUS: Schnelle IR-Kameras mit hoher Empfindlichkeit und Flexibilität für wissenschaftliche Anwendungen
IRCAM TAURUS: Leistungsstarke, kostengünstige IR-Kameras für den universellen Einsatz
IRCAM CALEO: Ungekühlte IR-Kameras mit Mikrobolometer-Detektoren für das langwellige Infrarot
Cameras mit folgenden IR Detectoren:
InSb = Indium-Antimonid
CMT = Cadmium-Quecksilber-Tellurid
InGaAs= Indium-Gallium-Arsenid
QWIP = Quantum-Well-Infrared-Photodetector
DC SL = Dual-Color Superlattice
MB = Mikrobolometer
IRLabs Tucson Arizona USA
http://www.irlabs.com/
Starting with our own industry-leading components, we design and build the world’s most sensitive InGaAs-based IREM-SIL systems. Our expertise in IR technology started over 40 years ago with Dr. Frank Low, one of the 'Fathers of Infrared Astronomy'.
http://www.infraredlaboratories.com
We've produced over 4000 open and closed cycle systems and over 100 background limited imaging cameras used to detect the faintest objects in our universe. Put our experience to work for you.
We specialize in the custom design and layout of analog complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) for electro-optics and mixed-signal supporting circuits from UV to LWIR. Applications areas are medical, astronomy, defense and commercial industries.
We've successfully fabricated ROIC designs for laser radar systems and IR bolometer systems to support project activities at leading universities and research institutions.
Our notable projects include:
- Room temperature 640x512 ROIC for the DARPA Photon Counting Arrays (PCAR) program designed to exhibit readout noise less than 10 e- rms.
- Room temperature 640x480 ROIC for L-3 ITC’s microbolometer product.
L-3 Communications Infrared Products USA
L-3 Communications Infrared Products delivers superior, high-performance infrared technology solutions and camera systems for a wide variety of thermal imaging applications. Whether performing critical missions, gathering intelligence or conducting situation analysis, our products perform when the stakes are high.
Our infrared products support reconnaissance and surveillance efforts executed by police officers, military troops, SWAT teams and others performing critical missions.
http://www.thermal-eye.com/
QmagiQ, LLC USA
Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP) Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs) with a focus on
- Reliable and guaranteed supply of QWIP FPAs
- State-of-the-art performance
- Aggressive pricing focused on the commercial market
- Rapid product advancement into multiple product lines
- Mid-format 1-color longwave infrared (LWIR)
- Large-format 1-color LWIR
- Mid-format 2-color midwave/longwave infrared (MWIR/LWIR)
QmagiQ was founded on September 1, 2003, to commercialize QWIP FPAs. Started by seven internationally-recognized experts and pioneers in QWIP/IR-sensor/OE technology with proven track records in both military as well as commercial-startup companies, QmagiQ is driven by two simple metrics: deliver value to the customer (on time and with 100% satisfaction), and develop products that will enable new revenue streams for our customers with minimal investment. We are fast and efficient at development and manufacturing - our first commercial product hit the street on October 22, 2003, seven weeks from company start. Our financial model gives us our focus - revenue shall exceed expenses from day 1.
QWIP Technologies USA
QWIP Technologies uses Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors to produce QWIP-Chip TM Focal Plane Arrays. These FPAs excel in both commercial and military applications requiring long wavelength operation, large formats, exceptional image quality and the utmost in thermal sensitivity.
QWIP Technologies holds a worldwide exclusive license (granted by the California Institute of Technology) for the technology of bound-to-quasibound QWIP detectors.
LWIR Imaging (more photons in the long wave) QWIPs allow infrared imaging and detection in the long wave portion of the spectrum (LWIR). Many objects of interest radiate strongest in the LWIR, giving of more photons
Very Uniform (ideal for large and very large formats)
QWIPS are very uniform and therefore ideal for large and very large formats due to the fact that they are made out of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) (see below). Large formats allow high resolution, which when coupled with the QWIP's high sensitivity, result in sharp, clear, highly detailed images
Mature Material System (GaAs) - Mature Process Technology GaAs processing is well understood, stable and inexpensive. GaAs integrated circuits are used routinely in the cellular communications industry and can be found in nearly every cell phone
High Thermal Sensitivity QWIPs offer excellent sensitivity to temperature changes and can easily detect changes as small as 0.03 degrees Celsius. QWIPs offer excellent image quality at a lower cost than other high performance LWIR wave detectors
Raytheon Company
Raytheon
http://www.raytheon.com/rsc/ses/spr/spr_cir Raytheon IR Imaging (commercial)
Sanders a BAE Company
First-generation mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe) detectors
http://www.baesystems.com/ProductsServices/bae_prod_eis_cooled_hgcdte.html
BAE Systems has an excellent history in the volume manufacture of first-generation mercury cadmium telluride detectors, and also offers extensive repair and maintenance capabilities. The company has manufactured and delivered more than 45,000 common module detectors, more than 15,000 maverick missile seekers, and more than 250 chemical agent detector units.
SECOND-GENERATION INFRARED DETECTORS
HgCdTe detectors for space applications
- Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS)
- Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS)
- Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS)
- Dewars for first- and second-generation detectors
http://www.baesystems.com/ProductsServices/bae_prod_eis_cooled_dewar.html
SemiConductor Devices (SCD)
InSb for MWIR applications
SCD is considered today to be the best and largest supplier of InSb 2D arrays worldwide.
MCT and VOx for LWIR applications
MWIR Cooled Detectors
EPI - Antimonides
LWIR Cooled Detectors
LWI – Uncooled
SCD.USA LLC
SCD.USA LLC located in Melbourne, Florida supplies high tech Infrared Detectors and High Power Laser Diode products to the U.S. Military and Commercial markets. Our product offerings stem from the technology transfer of the SCD Israel world class products in both cooled and uncooled infrared detectors. Our primary focus over the next few years is the establishment of in country Assembly and Test Operations of the Infrared Detector Engines. In addition, we will establish a Depot & Repair Operation here in the United States.
MCT Detectors (LWIR)
InSb (MWIR)
Vox (uncooled bolometer)
SELEX Sensors and Airborne Systems Limited, A Finmeccanica Company
SELEX Sensors and Airborne Systems Limited, A Finmeccanica Company
PO Box 217
Millbrook Industrial Estate
Southampton, Hampshire
SO15 0EG
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 23 8070 2300
Fax: +44 (0) 23 8031 6777
Sensors Unlimited. Inc. Part of Goodrich Corporation USA
Goodrich ISR Systems - Princeton (formerly Sensors Unlimited, Inc. SUI )
Full Line of Short Wave Infrared (SWIR InGaAs) Sensing Products
InGaAs Products: Focal Plane Arrays
Cloud Cap Technology: Microgimbals
InGaAs Products: Custom Foundry Services
Goodrich builds a complete system optimizing your device design for bandwidth, sensitivity, noise, and cross talk by thoroughly modeling the wafer structure and device layout. Our broad experience of InGaAs/InP design and manufacturing can produce large-scale detector arrays, APDs, PINs, JFETs as well as extended wavelength detectors to 2.5mm.
Sofradir France
Sofradir
Sofradir's business activity is focused on the infrared detectors for military, space and commercial applications.
While Sofradir S.A.S activities cover COOLED and UNCOOLED technologies, this WEB site is mainly dedicated to COOLED detectors.
1000x256 HgCdTe SWIR Space Detectors Detector pitch : 30 µmx30 µm Material spectral response : 0.8 µm – 2.5 µm FPA Operating Temperature : up to 200 K
SK Infrared LLC USA
Quantum dot infrared photodetectors and Type II superlattice detectors are developed here, no products yet (2011)
Telops Inc. Canada
IR cameras:
hyperspectral-imaging
highspeed imaging
high resolution imaging
Teledyne Scientific & Imaging (früher Rockwell)
http://www.risc.rockwell.com/ ->
Visible and IR Detectors
ULIS Sofradir subsidiary France
ULIS
http://www.ulis-ir.com/ uncooled IR Bolometer upto 640 x 480 pixels for MIR and FIR
Sofradir subsidiary named "ULIS" having its own facilities and is specialised in UNCOOLED Bolometer detectors.
ULIS
ZI des Isles Cordées
38113 Veurey Voroize France
Phone: +33 (0) 4 76 53 74 70
Fax: +33 (0) 4 76 53 74 80
XenICs nv Belgien
http://www.xenics.com/ InGaAs detectors that offer a spectral range of 0.9 – 1,7 µm, 1,0 – 2,2 µm and 1.0 - 2.5 µm
XenICs nv
Ambachtenlaan 44
B-3001 Leuven
Belgium
Tel.: +32(0)16 38 99 00
Fax: +32(0)16 38 99 01
XenICs, the European-based IR technology provider with a superb scientific background in advanced near- to long-wave infrared cameras and detectors, both cooled and uncooled.
Strategically placed to serve the worldwide
commercial, industrial, governmental and scientific communities.
XenICs is growing rapidly and is ready to capture the vast markets of infrared detection and imaging applications.
List of IR companies from the old cameras.de before 2010
List of IR companies from the old cameras.de before 2010
Infrared Detector Arrays for Thermal Imaging Tutorial Acreo Sweden ( Acreo provides contract R&D and production resources for new innovative products in microelectronics and optics.)
- Introduction and Basic Principles
- Dark Current and BLIP Temperature
- Detector Arrays
- Present QWIP projects at ACREO
- Important Publications on QWIPs
Infrared Detector Comparator ambient temperature infrared spectral comparator facility to calibrate infrared detectors for spectral responsivity
Hamamatsu Since its founding in 1953, Hamamatsu Photonics has consistently pursued the development and manufacture of photoelectric devices and their applied instruments.
Products Page
http://optris.de Berührungslose Temperaturmessung durch portable Infrarot-Temperaturmessgeräte, stationäre Infrarot-Industriethermometer und Infrarot-Wärmebildkameras, Kalibrierquellen.
Noncontact infrared temperature measurement with portable infrared thermometers, online infrared sensors and thermal cameras
NASA ADS Instrumentation Query
Databases to query:
Astronomy/Planetary
Instrumentation
Physics/Geophysics
ArXiv Preprints
NASA Infrared Detector Development Program Direct Detector Program Goals and Objectives
The Direct Detector program is developing advanced devices and systems for the direct detection of photons (i.e., light) to meet a range of future science and commercial mission needs. The program produces mission-enhancing and mission-enabling advanced detectors in the major discipline areas of earth science, astrophysics, planetary, and space physics. The program develops and thoroughly characterizes detector systems which achieve optimum performance under the environmental conditions dictated by each specific space application, ranging from near absolute zero for sensitive astronomy missions to room temperature operation for commercial and planetary missions. This means achieving background-limited performance in a multi-element array, operating at the temperatures and integration times defined by the mission design.
The program presently concentrates on advanced infrared detection techniques, and has as a goal the expansion into other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, including advanced high-energy detectors. The program involves the OSS and OMTPE user communities in the definition and conduct of programs, to accomplish effective hand-offs of advanced detector technologies to the users and to the relevant project offices. Direct Detector Program Accomplishments
* Infrared Astronomy Using NASA Technology! * Development of CCD Technology for Galileo, Hubble Space Telescope, Yokhoh, etc. * Chart showing progress in Infrared Detectors for Astronomy since 1983.
Sarnoff Imaging designs and fabricates high frame rate scientific CMOS, CCD and CCD-TDI devices and cameras for DUV semiconductor & flat panel inspection, scientific and analytical instrumentation, government systems, such as remote sensing, surveillance and reconnaissance.
<small> Jim Janesick's Company (Pope of astro and ultra low noise and slow (he is increasing) readout CCDs) USA</small>
<small>CHUNGHWA InGaAs Detectors</small> from Taiwan
<small>Linear Detectors, 2D Detectors, Large Area Photodetectors, Photodiode Chips
http://www.leadinglight.com.tw/
InGaAs 320 x 256 FPA Array in LCC Package 900-1700nm response</small><small>
</small>
http://baesystems-avionics.com/EO.htm Electro-Optics (EO)
Infrared Detectors
BAE SYSTEMS is the largest manufacturer of infrared (IR) detectors in Europe with capability across a wide range of IR technologies and detector types. Our products include single and multiple element IR detectors, and linear and 2-D IR arrays, in both cooled and uncooled technologies.
SiGMA High Performance Thermal Imager Module Set
SiGMA (Sensor Integrated Modular Architecture) is the latest 3rd generation staring focal plane array (SFPA) thermal imager module set from BAE Systems. It provides high performance passive infrared imaging in day, night and poor visibility, for land, sea and airborne operations world-wide.
SiGMA Caveo Ruggedised Thermal Imager
The latest 3rd generation SiGMA Caveo thermal imager from BAE Systems is specifically designed to provide high performance passive infrared imaging for day, night and poor visibility operations world-wide
Very High Performance LWIR Thermal Imaging Sensor
STAIRS C thermal imaging modules have been developed in the UK by BAE Systems, Thales Optronics and the UK MoD, defining a new standard at the leading edge of thermal technology. Improved situational awareness and target identification are now possible at the same time.
http://www.systems.textron.com
IR Sensors/ Surveillance Products / Adaptable Radiation Area Monitor (ARAM) detection system / Advanced Air-Delivered Sensor (AADS) /
4/7 wide-area early detection warning system that helps protect and secure vulnerable key sites such as airfields, nuclear power plants, chemical weapons facilities, and national borders from terrorist activities and security breaches.
Mobile Microwave Landing System (MMLS) is the world's only portable system of its kind in production today.
http://www.tcs.thomson-csf.com/news/20000120104453/news.htm
IR Sensors with CMOS Multiplexeres from Thomson / Atmel
http://www.irisys.co.uk
InfraRed Integrated SYStems Ltd.
IRISYS develops and supplies affordable state of the art thermal detection and imaging equipment. The products use IRISYS proprietary low cost, two dimensional uncooled arrays of pyroelectric detectors.
http://www.sensorsinc.com
Linear Arrays for Optical Performance Monitoring; Linear Arrays for Spectroscopy; Two-Dimensional Focal Plane Arrays; Line
Scan Cameras; NIR Imaging Cameras
SU128-1.7RT: Room Temperature, Near Infrared Camera
SU320-1.7RT: Room Temperature, High Resolution Near Infrared Area Camera
Lockheed Sanders IR Sensors from Lockheed Martin
Raytheon
http://www.raytheon.com/rsc/ses/spr/spr_cir Raytheon IR Imaging (commercial)
http://www.infrared.net/main.html Infrarot Systeme
http://www.apdcryogenics.com/
IGC-APD Cryogenics Inc. supplies the ultimate in standard and customized cryogenic equipment for use in a wide variety of applications worldwide. Browse this site and contact us for help in getting the best in cryogenics for your application.
http://www.lot-oriel.com
Neue hochauflösende IR-Kameras Die definitiv umfangreichste Palette von Infrarotkameras aus einer Hand, alle mit der gleichen modernsten FPA-Auslesetechnik und Steuerung gibt es jetzt neu von Indigo Systems. FPAs (Focal Plane Arrays) sind CMOS-Flächendetektoren, ähnlich den CCD-Detektoren von Kameras für das Sichtbare.
Jeweils eine InGaAs-, InSb-, QWIP- (Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector) und Mikrobolometer-Kamera hat die innovative Firma auf den letzten SPIE-Konferenzen in den USA vorgestellt. Damit deckt Indigo den sehr breiten Spektralbereich von 1 bis 14 µm nahezu komplett ab.
Die Kamera Merlin tm-NIR mit InGaAs-FPA ist von 1 bis 1,7 µm empfindlich. Sie sieht vorwiegend reflektierte NIR-Strahlung, ist damit gut geeignet zur Erkennung von Feuchtigkeit mit seinen starken Absorptionsbanden in diesem Bereich. Eine andere Anwendung ist die Erkennung von Fälschungen bei Geldscheinen oder Kunstwerken, da die Kamera in vielen Fällen durch eine Farbschicht hindurch sehen kann.
Diese Bilder der Merlin tm –NIR sind keine typischen Thermographiebilder. Lediglich Objekte mit Temperaturen oberhalb von 400 bis 500 °C emittieren gemäß der Planck’chen Strahlungsverteilung in diesem Spektrum genügend, um auch ein typisches Infrarotbild in dieser Kamera zu erzeugen. Der große Vorteil gegenüber den anderen IR-Kameras ist aber, daß diese Kamera mit normalen Glasobjektiven auskommt und auch durch Glasscheiben hindurch schauen kann.
Die Merlin tm -MID mit dem InSb-FPA, empfindlich von 3 bis 5 µm, gilt mit einer Temperaturauflösung (NED T) von < 25 mK als eine der empfindlichsten IR-Kameras. Der Chip hat -wie alle Merlin tm -Kameras- 320 x 256 Pixel und nimmt im Schnappschuß-Modus auf, das heißt: alle Pixel belichten simultan. Die Wiederholrate beträgt 60 Hz, die kürzeste Belichtungszeit 10 µs. Diese mit einem Stirlingmotor gekühlte Kamera ist besonders gut für höchstempfindliche Anwendungen geeignet, z.B. für die zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung.
Das Modell Merlin tm Bolo hat, wie der Name schon suggeriert, einen ungekühlten Mikrobolometer-Detektor. Dieser Detektor sieht von 7 bis 14 µm und kann Temperaturunterschiede von etwa 100 mK auflösen.
Eine noch höhere Empfindlichkeit (< 50 mK) im gleichen Spektralbereich sowie höhere Auflösung verspricht die Merlin tm LONG mit einem QWIP Detektor.
Allen Merlin tm-Kameras gemeinsam ist ein 12 bit breiter, Homogenitäts-korrigierter Digital- sowie PAL-Videoausgang und ihre wirklich außergewöhnliche Bildqualität. Sie sehen weder ein fixed pattern- Rauschen noch tote Pixel, das Bild ist völlig klar und scharf, viel besser als Sie es vielleicht von einer traditionellen IR-Kamera gewohnt sind.